IRCC Processing Times

New study permit (online)

Applications submitted through IRCC online portal

Study permit extension

Must apply before current permit expires

SDS (Student Direct Stream) — India, China, Philippines, Vietnam

Requires upfront GIC, IELTS 6.0, and acceptance letter from DLI

Study permit with co-op work permit

Apply together; co-op permit is tied to study permit

Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) — online

High volume currently — apply as early as possible after graduation

Open Work Permit (spouse of skilled worker)

Based on your spouse's NOC TEER 0/1/2/3 job offer

Employer-specific work permit (LMIA-based)

LMIA approval from ESDC required before applying

Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP)

For PR applicants whose work permit expires before PR decision

International Mobility Program (IMP) — no LMIA

Includes ICT, CUSMA (USMCA), and some free trade agreements

Express Entry — Canadian Experience Class (CEC)

After receiving an Invitation to Apply (ITA) — 80% target

Express Entry — Federal Skilled Worker (FSW)

Requires arranged employment or 1 year skilled work experience

Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) — enhanced

After receiving ITA via Express Entry with provincial nomination

PNP — non-Express Entry stream (paper-based)

Paper-based provincial stream — longer wait times

Canadian Experience Class via PNP nomination

PNP adds 600 CRS points — virtually guarantees an ITA

Spousal/Partner PR sponsorship

Inland or outland sponsorship — inland allows staying in Canada while processing

Visitor visa extension (TRV)

Apply before current authorized stay expires

Permanent Resident card renewal

Must have 730 days physical presence in Canada in last 5 years

Canadian passport renewal (from abroad)

Applies to Canadian citizens; not applicable to international students